The Prevalence of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Children and Adolescents with Cancer in Hamedan Province, Iran

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome caused by widespread tumor cell damage may lead to electrolyte imbalances and express as metabolic disturbance causing clinical abnormalities. Patients and Methods: All patients younger than 16 years with documented malignancy candidate for chemotherapy, in Hamedan province of Iran were enrolled. Results: Out of 69 cancer patients the laboratory form of tumor lysis syndrome was detected in 8 patients (11.6%) and its clinical form was observed in 2 patients (2.9%). Those two patients with clinical tumor lysis syndrome were treated using hydration, allopurinol, rasburicase and dialysis with good metabolic response. Conclusion: Although our sample size was limited we found a comparable prevalence of tumor lysis syndrome among our patients in comparison with previous studies. Further evaluation of the prevalence of this syndrome among Iranian cancer patients is recommended. Keywords: Tumor Lysis Syndrome, acute renal failure, oncology, childhood, metabolic, Iran.